Résumé:
The Vehicular Adhoc NETworks (VANET) have become a crucial research area in transportation systems, thanks to technological development, in recent years. These networks
generally consist of fixed nodes named Road Side Units (RSU) and mobile nodes (vehicles). The main objective is to ensure a reliable level of road safety and a comfortable
aspect of traveling. With the evolution of Internet capabilities, vehicles have become
more intelligent on the road, where a new range of modern applications has emerged in
the form of communication, management and control. These services allow vehicles to
communicate and disseminate safety information through messages. Indeed, these services are hosted in a modern infrastructure designed for communication such as cloud
computing. This convergence leads to the appearance of new paradigms linked to vehicles, namely Vehicular Cloud Computing (VCC) and Vehicular Fog Computing (VFC).
Despite these advances, the dissemination of messages in most vehicle scenarios remains
a major challenge due to packet delays due to the high mobility of vehicles on the road,
frequent changes in topology and the high density of vehicles, which leads at road events
and frequent packets loss. The aim of this thesis is subscribed in the context of Vehicular
Fog Computing (VFC) applications. Although video streaming is the most supported
application on driving and the most network sensitive application, we select the video
streaming application for our study. We propose a video data scheduling approach based
on the creation of virtual networks. This virtual network is a subset (cluster) of the nodes
connecting to each other to achieve efficient routing of information for video streaming
packets. This mechanism adapts to the change in topology and the high mobility of the
nodes. At the evaluation stage, we simulate the performance of this mechanism using an
Omnett ++ simulator. The network performance of the proposal showed that the simulation was a precise model and that the best virtual fog nodes for the broadcast request
and the video event.
