The Role of Exchange Programs in Mutual Understanding between Algeria and USA

Abstract

The American foreign policy depends on two types of power to achieve its goals, the first type is the hard power, it is a coercive power executed through military threats and economic inducements and based on tangible resources such as the army or economic strength. In contrast, the second type of power is soft power; it is a persuasive power deriving from attraction and emulation and grounded on intangible resources such as a cultural exchange. The close examination of the US Foreign policy showed that it was balanced between the two types but recently there emerged a serious tendency towards the intensive use of soft power instead of the use of the highly risky use of hard power which is becoming more and more useless according to many US foreign policymakers, that why the position of soft power is going up including mainly exchange programs as means of colonizing the mind instead of colonizing the land as an expert said. The United States of America, according to the elements of the hard and soft power that it possesses, enjoys a high military and diplomatic position in the world, and an advanced position with the active forces in the international system, its foreign policy affect the whole international relations and in some cases, it dictates the policy which applies to its capabilities to reach its interests and achieve its goals as required, and this is reflected in its diplomatic behavior. The external system deals with units in the international system. The influence power that characterizes the American foreign political behavior stems from the global role that the United States of America plays extensively in international politics and even the domestic policies of many countries of the world. As the only superpower in the world, the United States of America has possessed since the dissolution of the Soviet Union the ability to reshape other societies and managing international relations with the international system in a way that aligns with its national